将一个类的接口转换成客户希望的另外一个接口。使得原本由于接口不兼容而不能一起工作的那些类可以一起工作。
应用场景:希望复用一些现存的类,但是接口又与复用环境要求不一致。
模式特点:将一个类的接口转换成为客户希望的另外一个接口。
分类:类适配器(通过多重继承)、对象适配器。
来通过例子说明,下面是用户通过适配器使用一个类的方法
class Target: def Request(): print "common request." class Adaptee(Target): def SpecificRequest(self): print "specific request." class Adapter(Target): def __init__(self,ada): self.adaptee = ada def Request(self): self.adaptee.SpecificRequest() if __name__ == "__main__": adaptee = Adaptee() adapter = Adapter(adaptee) adapter.Request()
类图:
实例:
我们再来看一个简单的Adapter例子
#encoding=utf-8 
# 
#by panda 
#适配器模式 
def printInfo(info): 
 print unicode(info, 'utf-8').encode('gbk') 
#球员类 
class Player(): 
 name = '' 
 def __init__(self,name): 
  self.name = name 
 def Attack(self,name): 
  pass 
 def Defense(self): 
  pass 
#前锋 
class Forwards(Player): 
 def __init__(self,name): 
  Player.__init__(self,name) 
 def Attack(self): 
  printInfo("前锋%s 进攻" % self.name) 
 def Defense(self,name): 
  printInfo("前锋%s 防守" % self.name) 
#中锋(目标类) 
class Center(Player): 
 def __init__(self,name): 
  Player.__init__(self,name) 
 def Attack(self): 
  printInfo("中锋%s 进攻" % self.name) 
 def Defense(self): 
  printInfo("中锋%s 防守" % self.name) 
#后卫 
class Guards(Player): 
 def __init__(self,name): 
  Player.__init__(self,name) 
 def Attack(self): 
  printInfo("后卫%s 进攻" % self.name) 
 def Defense(self): 
  printInfo("后卫%s 防守" % self.name) 
#外籍中锋(待适配类) 
#中锋 
class ForeignCenter(Player): 
 name = '' 
 def __init__(self,name): 
  Player.__init__(self,name) 
 def ForeignAttack(self): 
  printInfo("外籍中锋%s 进攻" % self.name) 
 def ForeignDefense(self): 
  printInfo("外籍中锋%s 防守" % self.name) 
#翻译(适配类) 
class Translator(Player): 
 foreignCenter = None 
 def __init__(self,name): 
  self.foreignCenter = ForeignCenter(name) 
 def Attack(self): 
  self.foreignCenter.ForeignAttack() 
 def Defense(self): 
  self.foreignCenter.ForeignDefense() 
def clientUI(): 
 b = Forwards('巴蒂尔') 
 m = Guards('麦克格雷迪') 
 ym = Translator('姚明') 
 b.Attack() 
 m.Defense() 
 ym.Attack() 
 ym.Defense() 
 return 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
 clientUI();